Mentoring Service

Questions: 1. Numerous associations give an expert coaching administration to their new alumni or workers. This can appear as close to home coaching, where a senior worker guides another or junior individual from staff. How would you feel that you could profit by having coach during the underlying long periods of your expert employment?2. Give subtleties of 2 exercises that you will attempt as a component of your expert vocation arranging. These might incorporate going to ACS occasions, buying in to proficient distributions, picking up accreditation in explicit specialized zones, or any others that you might want to embrace. For every action, depict how you accept that this will advance your expert vocation. Answers: 1. A basic advance in a people profession is to set up a fruitful guide relationship. It is valuable for both the coach and the mentee. It assists with recognizing, characterize and articulate basic standards and objectives. Various tutors have diverse coaching style. The mentee profits by the tutor by picking up understanding. Experience picked up from the tutor assists with giving the vocation an updraft. A decent experienced coach helps the mentee secure an occupation at a presumed organization for a greater job of duty. The coach can assist with understanding the examination of the understudy. A tutor can instruct how to adjust work and exploration or individual life, and convey great profitability. A coach gives useful tidbits. Dealings in life are a significant exercise that the coach can show their understudies (Woods and Preciado 2016). 2. Exercises subsequent to finishing expert degree can help improving the odds of landing great position prospect. Specialized aptitudes can make an imminent understudy exceptionally attractive for an organization recruiting representatives. PC preparing with an emphasis on programming language like C/C++ programming, JAVA and so forth., makes an up-and-comers continue alluring to the scouts. Specialized aptitudes can assist understudies with increasing an edge over others while going after a position. Distributions An exploration by an understudy, which is considered for distribution in great diaries, demonstrates the ability for broad and beneficial examination to the businesses. Distributions in the diaries just as working in a diary office as an Editor, author or editors assists with increasing proficient experience. These encounters can assist with protecting a superior activity with more prominent duty (Ali 2016). References Ali, S.A., 2016. Basic Thinking in the Information Age: Helping Students Find and Evaluate Scientific Information. Training Innovation Projects, 6(1), p.3. Woods, C.S. also, Preciado, M., 2016. StudentMentor Relationships and Students' College Attitudes. Diary of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 21(2), pp.90-103.

The novel Refugee Boy Essay Example For Students

The epic Refugee Boy Essay Most would agree that the London spoke to in the novel Refugee Boy is a staggeringly multi-social spot. The city portrayed by Benjamin Zephania is by all accounts a dynamic uproar of different races, societies and conventions, which all between blend together to give the spot a genuinely worldwide feel. Three youthful companions in the novel particularly speak to this thought by carrying with them so much true culture from their predecessors country. Robert and Asher were both conceived in London, yet at the same time hang on beyond a reasonable doubt to the language, food and music of their folks, while Alem really emigrated to the city from North East Africa. On appearance, in addition to the fact that Alem transported his own ethnic traditions, yet in addition energetically grasped the multi-social nature of the city by become friends with Robert and Asher so rapidly. In spite of the fact that Robert appears as though he is a normal Londoner, his parentage is really from South America. When inquired as to whether he originated from Chile, he reacted: No, I was brought into the world here, however my mom and father did. Robert appears to be glad for the way that his family originated from another nation just as likewise being exceptionally pleased that he was conceived in London. He additionally communicates his multiculturalism by drenching himself in remote food and music that helps him to remember his familys home. He states he gets a kick out of the chance to, eat a touch of Chilean food and tune in to a touch of Chilean music. This shows he attempts to stay in contact with the customs of his precursors home. On this, Robert puts forth an attempt to inundate individual Londoners in the way of life of his precursors by recounting stories he has found out about Chile. He starts to explain to Alem regarding why his family moved to the UK. He begins the story by referencing the Chilean autocracy: In Chile there was a major football arena In this story, Robert attempts to educate Robert that in spite of the fact that his family are glad to live in London, they will always remember their home, and just left since it was difficult to remain. Asher was additionally conceived in London, however pronounces that his underlying foundations are in another nation. At a certain point in the novel Asher says, I is an Ethiopian who simply happens to be conceived in EnglandI my mom and father is Jamaican, and I is a Rasta. As Ashers digs have been stirred up through slave exchanging, he guarantees that his profound country is in Ethiopia despite the fact that he was conceived in the UK. He attempts to keep his sources near him by encircle himself with conventional African specialties. There is a neckband in the, cut state of Africa dangling from his neck. By showing this craftsmanship, Asher is indicating the number of inhabitants in London that he is extremely glad to have associations with Africa, which adds to the multicultural sentiment of the city. Like Robert, he likewise wishes to show Londoners his way of life and customs. He savors the opportunity to disclose to Alem and Robert about his religion: Rastafarianism. Shashamene is the land given to all Rastafarians with the goal that we can come back to the country and help to reconstruct the extraordinary mainland of Africa. Asher appears to be enchanted to disclose his religions convictions to willing audience members.

Grade 6 Descriptive Essay Samples

Grade 6 Descriptive Essay SamplesThe objective of these Grade 6 descriptive essay samples is to serve as a pre-requisite to composing a quality work of your own. The purpose is to arm you with the necessary knowledge and skills to achieve the level of quality and attention to detail required by most school assignments, essays and exams.The descriptive essay samples are informative in nature and can provide a lot of information regarding the matter at hand and help you in understanding the approach you need to take in writing an essay. Thus, it will serve as a guide as to how you should proceed with the composition process.In addition, the examples are taken from various grades including first, second, fourth and fifth. They will help you understand what makes them different and which subject areas they deal with. The examples are quite detailed as far as the grade level of the paper is concerned, though they may not be as detailed as some of the more in-depth samples which are design ed for the higher grades.The descriptive essay samples give you the practical points on which you should base your composition of the essay. It is often difficult to write an essay on a subject that you are not familiar with. The examples help you better understand the basic principles and information required in a subject.If you do not have the time to attend a class session and participate in a discussion, the descriptive essay samples will serve as a guide to help you in that area. These examples are written in such a way that it encourages students to take an active part in the discussion. This will be the best way to gain an in-depth knowledge of the subject as well as help you to interact with fellow students.When you prepare for any subject or assignment, it is important to know your grade before you begin. The descriptions will help you understand your grade range and help you formulate your own opinion on what your grade should be based on your essay. You can use the exampl es to gauge your performance level.You need to be aware that there is a brief description of the topic in the description as well as an essay analysis. The purpose of the analysis is to help you understand the types of methods that are being used by other writers to gain a successful grade on a paper.The essays examples are the best way to gain an idea of the type of papers that are commonly made by students in grades six and above. It is a good means to get a general idea of what is required to be submitted for a grade level. It will also give you an idea of what types of compositions to write on different subjects.

Euthanasia And Assisted Suicide Are Legal - 1506 Words

Give an Option to Those Who Have None Imagine your beloved grandmother has been involved in a car accident. The crash was messy and despite medical advances and cutting edge technology, your grandma is in incredible pain, she will never be able to fully function or move by herself, and she will never be able to live a normal life ever again. What would you do? When a loved one is in such pain, would you not want to give them the option of passing peacefully, to stop the pain they have been suffering for so long? Unfortunately, in the United States, and throughout the world, there are few places where euthanasia and assisted suicide are legal. Even then, the practice is generally only partially permitted and a majority of patients in cases where euthanasia should be an option, cannot travel to another state or country due to their condition. â€Å"The vast majority of families [of terminal patients] do not have the flexibility, resources and time to make all [necessary] changes† such as obtaining new driver licenses, finding new doctors and house, etc. (Maynard 2014). *Euthanasia and assisted suicide must be legalized as an option for those patients who want to end their suffering, for those who have no other alternatives or cures, for the people who would never have a life and for those people whose death is imminent. It is for these people, that the population needs to become more aware of the issue through education and sign the petition to give these terminally ill or injuredShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia And Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1611 Words   |  7 Pagesthe topic of euthanasia or assisted suicide is spoke about usually it is only whispered, people don’t like to speak about death but are very out spoken when it comes to enjoying your life and being free. There are many reasons why people in society believe that it is morally wrong but who are we to tell a person that is suffering and can take it no more they aren’t allowed to en d their own life even though that’s what that person wants? Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide should be made legal in the UnitedRead MoreEuthanasia And Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1241 Words   |  5 PagesThere has been an ongoing battle whether or not euthanasia or physician assisted suicide should be legal. Whether or not is ethical for a physician to assist in a person s death. Euthanasia or assisted suicide is causing the death of a person who is disease, suffering from a condition that is not curable. To end their suffering the individuals end their lives, but are important to keep in consideration that in order for the individual to make such a big decision they must be in the right state ofRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal Essay1755 Words   |  8 PagesSurprising Physician Assisted Suicide Statistics, 2014). Physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia should not just be a matter of law but as well as free will. In this essay, I am us ing a virtue approach to contend that euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide should be legal. Is it moral to allow people to end their lives suffering? It helps people, saves money and useless drugs and treatment that does not work it being wasted. It ends suffering without the stigma of suicide and it allows the personRead MoreShould Euthanasia or Physician Assisted Suicide Be Legal1818 Words   |  8 Pages  Should Euthanasia or Physician Assisted Suicide be Legal?         One day while interning at the Animal Clinic of Bay Ridge I witnessed something so cruel. This middle-aged shiatsu was dropped off at the animal clinic. Mind you, the owners didn’t even bother to come in the room with the dog. As I played with the dog until he would be â€Å"putdown† I wondered why in the world someone would put such a lovely dog down is unimaginable. Despite being sorry for the dog I feel euthanizing both animals and humanRead MoreEthical and Legal Debates on Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Essay1503 Words   |  7 Pagesregarding the debatable subject of euthanasia and assisted suicide, have been questioned frequently by society. Though the question may never be answered between euthanasia and assisted suicide being right or wrong, the fact of the matter is that people are still choosing their fate. In America, euthanasia refers to a person knowingly, and purposely taking another persons life, or in a more factual meaning killing someone who in fact couldn’t kill himself. Euthanasia also known as â€Å"mercy killing† isRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas Of Euthanasia Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ethical Dilemmas of Euthanasia in Canada with the Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide This systematic analysis of the professional literature will explore the ethical dilemmas that Canadian medical professionals face while considering euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide, the latter of which was made legal in Canada on June 17, 2016 (Chochinov and Frazee, 2016). This paper will discusses the conflicts that healthcare professionals are faced with when looking at the quality of lifeRead MoreEuthanasia And Assisted Suicide Should Be Legalized Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pages The Oxford English Dictionary states that euthanasia is a gentle and easy death (Oxford English Dictionary). According to the Oxford English Dictionary, active euthanasia is the ending of a terminally ill person s life by direct intervention, such as administering a lethal dose of painkilling drug (Oxford English Dictionary). While passive euthanasia according to the Oxford English Dictionary is the withholding or withdrawal of life-sustaining medical treatment in the knowledge that the personRead MoreShould Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?825 Words   |  4 PagesShould Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide be Legalized? Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide should become legal in the United States and all US territories. Though Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide are not the same and are separate acts, they both serve the same purpose, which is to follow the desire of a person with terminal illness to end their life without legal consequences. This same right should extend to family members and guardians of people unable to act for themselves. The current legal situationRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide is NOT Ethical Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesIs physician assisted suicide morally right? This has been a controversial subject for some time now. People are wondering whether or not it is the most humane thing to do. If dogs can be putdown, why not people? The reason is in that question. They are people. Every life is important, no matter how long it may be. Instead of finding a way to get rid of people faster, the government could put those efforts in something more positive. If other people are conside ring whether or not the patients’ lifeRead MoreIs Euthanasia A Lethal Injection?1269 Words   |  6 Pagesto death, veterinarians will inform the owner on options of euthanasia or â€Å"putting the pet to sleep.† While the owner officially has to make the decision of putting the pet out of it’s pain or misery with a lethal injection. In the case of humans, rather than animals, whether or not a lethal injection should be given is a highly argued ethical and economical matter. In this paper, peoples’ cultures and how they affect the view of euthanasia, will be discussed along with the cost of medical procedures

Should Parenting Require a License - 2515 Words

Should Parenting Require a License? Crystal Mathews SOC120: Introduction to Ethics amp; Social Responsibility Instructor: Russell Tompkins September 12, 2011 Should Parenting Require a License? Raising a child is probably the most important thing a person will ever do in life. Yet we constantly hear stories of child abuse and neglect. What makes a good parent? Is it the money you earn? How about fancy schools? In liberal societies many people decide whether or not they wish to become parents. One of the key questions in making this decision is, what kind of parent will I be? Parenting skills range from excellent all the way to nonexistent. Do you think people with low parenting skills have the right to have children? This has been†¦show more content†¦High-risk behaviors in turn, can lead to long-term physical health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, and obesity (Westman, 2001). Here are some statistics of reported child abuse and neglect that would help support the utilitarianism argument. In 2009 approximately 3.3 million child abuse reports and allegations were made involving an estimated 6 million ch ildren (Childhelp, 2011). Almost five children die every day as a result of child abuse. 80% of those children are under the age of four. 30% of abused and neglected children will later abuse their own children, continuing the horrible cycle of abuse (Childhelp, 2011). If that’s not enough to convince you let’s take a look at criminal behavior. 14 % of all men and 36% of all women in prison were abused as children (Childhelp, 2011). Or how about that 59 % of children who experience child abuse and neglect are more likely to be arrested as a juvenile, 28% more likely to be arrested as an adult, and 30 % more likely to commit violent crimes (Childhelp, 2011). An estimated annual cost of child abuse and neglect in the United States for 2007 is $104 billion (Childhelp, 2011). If the statics don’t put you on the utilitarian side, then let’s look at some other facts. When you choose to have a child a lot of us think how will parenting impact me? But shoul dn’t the bigger question be how will my parenting will impact myShow MoreRelatedProspective Parents Should Have A License1536 Words   |  7 PagesProspective parents should have a license. 2014, You found an excellent opportunity for what you believe will advance your career and you know it s meant to be. Or is it? Have you gone through the proper protocols to ensure you have a fair chance at getting this opportunity? You can t visit this establishment without a previously submitted resume which is basically your professional biography. You can t prepare this document without the qualifications that could be filled in your cleverly usedRead MoreParents May Not Be Licensed Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pages In the essay Licensing Parents, LaFollette argues that the state should require all parents to be licensed (182). Though LaFollette considers some theoretical and practical objections to his claim, he gives no particular attention to how an activity could be precisely defined as potentially harmful to others, what specific competence would be required for an activity to be done safely, and how reliably such competence could be determined. In this paper, I will argue t hat the difficulty of clearlyRead MoreLicensing Parenthood797 Words   |  4 Pagesdoctors, lawyers, welders, electricians, air traffic controllers, pilots, and countless other fields require licensing and certification in order to practice. Similarly licenses are required to drive a vehicle, operate a HAM radio, SCUBA dive, and many other recreational activities due to the potential to threaten the lives of the person doing these activities as well as those around him or her. Parenting has a similar responsibility, and holds the life health of a child in their hands; however anyoneRead MoreSupporting Arguments for Parent Licensing Essays772 Words   |  4 Pageslicensing of parents. His argument states that for any activity that is harmful to others, requires competence, and has a reliable procedure for determining competence, should require licensing by the government. This argument relates to parenting because it can be harmful to children, requires competence to raise childr en, and we can assume that a reliable procedure can be formulated. Therefore, parenting should require licensing by the government. I agree with Lafollette and shall focus on supporting himRead MoreAdoption Application And Pay An Application Fee1512 Words   |  7 Pagesadoptive parents are in place to help guarantee the safety of these children. The adoption agencies are in place to make sure that these already damaged and abandoned children are placed with qualified people who are prepared for the challenges that parenting can pose. The fact that these steps are being taken only after a child has been abused or given away by their natural parents in unacceptable. Furthermore, it creates an unfair bias for people without a healthy reproductive system. If the motherRead MoreA License Should Be Required To Be A Parent1066 Words   |  5 PagesFrom everyday experiences to recent news stories, I have come across many issues that large families face in America. Poverty and child ab use are top issues in the United States. For this reason, I believe the government should start regulating the number of children people can have based on financial stability, place of residence, criminal history, and other qualifications. The ideal American family image is one that provides parents that gracefully accommodate and nurture their children withRead MoreThe Autism : The Syndrome And Its Implications For Autism And New Development Essay774 Words   |  4 Pageshis wife parenting skills were not the cause of this disability. In 1946 he published, Infantile Autism: The Syndrome and its Implications for Neural Theory and Behavior, sharing a new perspective and theory of what causes autism (Mandal, 2009). As time progressed so did awareness for autism and new development in teaching and therapy. By the 1980s the Erica foundation started education and therapy for children with autism. Also in the 1980s research gained momentum, concluding that parenting had noRead MoreShou ld There Be a License to Become a Parent?1015 Words   |  5 PagesSHOULD THERE BE A LICENSE TO BECOME A PARENT? I was skimming through a newspaper recently when I came across a really bizarre news article. The article was about a Pakistani man having 23 wives and 93 kids! This man aims to complete a century of children by 2013, with the hope of getting his name in the Guinness Book of World Record. He is a resident of Dubai and the government of UAE is supporting him and his largely extended family with 60 thousand dirhams per month. Isn’t this really absurd?Read MoreParenting1116 Words   |  5 Pagesparents. Parenting comes with much responsibilty. It is a learning experience, and though some skills of parenting come natural, others do not. People believe that if we require people to pass a driving test before licensing them to operate a car, we should require them to pass some kind of parenting test before allowing them to have children. As an American, I believe in the unalienable rights that were set down and stated in the Declaration of Independence, and truly think there should not be aRead MorePeople who want to have children should take a child-rearing course1205 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestigations of child maltreatment per 1,000 children in Canada.† Presently, the Canadian government adopts the liberal stance that parenting is primarily a private activity. â€Å"If parenting is a private choice, the argument goes, then it should also be a private responsibility.† (Engster, 2010) The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that by law, people who want to have children should be required to take a child-rearing course because it serves to mitigate harm that can be done to children, identifies and

Leukemia And Its Effects On Cancer Development - 971 Words

Each year, it is estimated that approximately 50,000 people globally will be diagnosed with leukemia, and they will have a 58.5% chance of survival in the next 5 years (National Cancer Institute, 2015). Leukemia is a group of cancers that originate from bone marrow and create cancerous blood cells that overcrowd healthy blood cells within the bone marrow. (National Cancer Institute, 2014). Compared to other types of cancer, leukemia is considered to be relatively rare (National Cancer Institute, 2015). Despite this, leukemia is unlike other cancers due to the fact that there are over a dozen different types of leukemia (Swierzewski, 1999), with each type having specific symptoms depending on the type of blood cell that is cancerous. In response to this fact, identifying how leukemia is caused and how it affects cancer development has been a topic undergoing intense research. In regards to the cancer stem cell theory, studies have isolated potential leukemic stem cells which are sugge stive of why cancer cells proliferate (Reya et al. 2001). Subsequently, it is necessary to understand how leukemia is caused, the symptoms associated with this disease, and the potential treatments for those who are currently afflicted. There are many different types and variations of leukemia, and not all types have singular, concrete causes associated with them. One of the four most common types of leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, is characterised by the unregulated growth of blasts whichShow MoreRelatedEssay about Leukemia668 Words   |  3 PagesLeukemia Leukemia is a cancer that has had a significant effect on our society and with the developments of new drugs it may become treatable. Leukemia originates in the blood-forming organs which may include the lymph tissue and bone cells. In a person with leukemia the rate and the number of cells produced is altered. This altering can become fatal, or with proper treatment it can be subdued. There are two main types of leukemia which include total and differential. These are mainlyRead MoreStem Cells And Its Effect On The Human Body1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthe potential of choosing whether to stay a stem cell or turn into any type of specialized such as: skin cells, neurons, muscle cells and many more. Stem cells have no specific function but are special in their own way. In the early stage of the development, stem cells have the extraordinary potential to develop into any type of cell in the human body. Unlike Specialized cells that have a specific function and cannot change into any other type of cells, stem cells have no specific function but areRead MoreEssay on Leukemia884 Words   |  4 PagesLeukemia Leukemia is a group of blood diseases characterized by cancer of the blood forming tissues. It was discovered in Europe during the XIX century when a group of doctors directed by John Hughes Bennett tested their patients and discovered theirRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Leukemia Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pages Leukemia Tatum Thurston Dental Nutrition November 24, 2015 There are many systemic diseases that can affect the body in different ways. Diseases like Leukemia, affect the body while on treatment. There are multiple symptoms of how radiation treatment affects the body, and oral cavity. In addition, there are ways to maintain the health of the body and the oral cavity. â€Å"Each year in the United States alone, nearly 32,000 adults and more than 2,000 children develop leukemia, a cancer of theRead MoreCancer Pathogenesis Of Cancer1058 Words   |  5 Pagesthe pathogenesis of cancer over the last two decades. Even though there has been a significant success in the knowledge of tumor, there still a wide gap in the treatment of tumors. There is a little treatment information available on cancer making it difficult to control it. Chemotherapy remains the only effective treatment method used. This study aims at examining the possible roles of the p53 gene in leukemia and how that data can be utilized for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Due to its potentRead MoreChronic Myeloid Leukemia ( Leukemia )1270 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract There are many types of leukemia that affect thousands of people each year and many do not survive this type of cancer. Yearly occurrences of new cases reach up to about 54,000 and almost half of this staggering number end fatally. The four types that are most common for this cancer are acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells where abnormally high countsRead MoreThe Epidemiology Of Leukemia And Advances1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epidemiology of Leukemia and Advances in Early Detection to Apply Chemotherapy I. Introduction II. Clinical Characteristics of Leukemia a. Overview the physiological stages of leukemia I. Acute lymphocytic leukemia II. Acute myelogenous leukemia III. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia IV. Chronic myelogenous leukemia b. Places of origin of leukemia I. Bone marrow II. Red blood cells III. Lymphatic tissue c. Early signs and the symptoms III. Tests are in use to diagnose and identify the explicitRead MoreInformative Speech About Leukemia1279 Words   |  6 PagesLymphoblastic Leukemia. Here is a question for you, how many people in the united states do you think get leukemia in a year? According to the American Cancer Society, 43,000 people in the united states are diagnosed with leukemia each year. After today, you will know more information about leukemia. The following content I will be discussing is leukemia, what it is and different treatments. Leukemia as a risk factor of death among children. What is Leukemia? Acute lymphoblastic leukemia also knownRead MoreWhat Does Turmeric Can Improve Liver Function?980 Words   |  4 Pageshappens, the risk of getting heart attack and atherosclerotic plaque build-up increases. According to The George Mateljan Foundation, a study published in the Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology revealed several important things about the effect of curcumin in restoring cardiovascular function. Study volunteers who consumed 500mg of curcumin for a week experienced a drop of 33 percent in their blood levels of oxidized cholesterol. In addition, their total cholesterol levels dropped by 11Read MoreOrphan Drug Report627 Words   |  3 PagesDrug Act (ODA). This designation would qualify the sponsor of the drug for developmental incentives which includes waiving of regulator fees, faster or simpler clinical trial and approval process, tax credit or grants to offset research and development, and a period of marketing exclusivity which means no competition for many years. it does not mean that the FDA is less strict when it comes to safety and effectiveness. All of this is specified within the FDA’s implementing regulations at 21

Why Do College Students Cheat free essay sample

I myself can say Ive never cheated in college, but in high school I did. I think we all have done it a time or two. Cheating is something Im sure everyone can relate to. Have you ever felt like the pressure for good grades is on? Students and families often have very high expectations about grade achievements; especially if they were accustomed to getting good grades. (Student Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University) Not only do high expectations come into effect, but also the pressure of maintaining a certain GAP to get into your majors.Pressure of getting good grades is something a lot of students may struggle with and that is one of the reasons why a student may cheat. So lets say you feel bad about cheating and want to stop. What can you do so you wont be so tempted? First, try to relieve the pressure on you to get high grades. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do College Students Cheat or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Talk to you parents or maybe even your friends, about your grades in school. Try also, to get good career counseling. Talk to your professors, ask questions, see a tutor if needed. And make sure what your going to college for is something that Interests you.This can take away some of the pressure. Too much work, too little time? This could be a second reason college students may cheat. A lot of the time, students often have multiple assignments due on the same day. Cheating can be a tempting path when students have difficulty managing their time. (Student Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University) A lot of the time, like me, you have a student who is working, going to school and possibly may even have a child. Whew! If I were to cheat, that would probably be my reason! Too much work, too little time!This paper has demonstrated what may drive a student to cheat. Although there are many reasons why students may cheat, I talked about the reasons that are more familiar to me. With the technology now a days theres more and more ways for a students to cheat. Students have tremendous pressure on them to get good grades. Their anxiety level is up, and the temptation to cheat is strong. So what do you do? What to students do?

The poem Charlotte ONeils song Essay Example For Students

The poem Charlotte ONeils song Essay The poem Charlotte ONeils song was written by Fiona Farrell in the 1980s. Fiona Farrell originates from New Zealand. This poem comes from a group of poems called passengers, passengers consists of three poems and a song. These poems were set in 1871 and were inspired by 19th Century ship records. Charlotte ONeil is a real person, shes 17 years old and she travelled on the Isabella Hercus in 1871 from Britain. Farrell stereotyped charlottes situation on what she knew about lower class women in the late 19th Century. Charlotte left Britain for New Zealand in search of a job to escape from servitude, to find a better life. The poem tells us about Charlottes strenuous lifestyle and the manner in which her mistress treats her. The poem itself consists of five stanzas; each verse has five or more lines accept for the third. The theme of the poem is of Charlotte ONeils bitterness and hatred towards her mistress. She is addressing her opinion of her wretched lifestyle to her mistress. Judging by her tone, she has plenty of courage and knows how to answer up for herself, she might even be described as cheeky. We will write a custom essay on The poem Charlotte ONeils song specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The poem begins with the line  You rang your bell and I answered. From this line you immediately get the impression that Charlotte is being treated like a pet animal in the sense her mistress calls her and she comes running. It is as if Charlotte is being summoned by her mistress to work. The fact shes being summoned to work is the reason this line comes before the rest of the first verse. Charlotte seems as much upset by the loss of her freedom as she is by the hard physical labour. In this verse Charlotte describes the labour she finds herself doing. It varies from washing the dishes to scraping the open fireplace. You can see that the work Charlotte did was almost entirely physical. Charlotte refers to the fact she has to polish the parquet floor. This is the first example of contrast between the lifestyles of Charlotte and her mistress. Parquet flooring is usually associated in rich households, so this represents the wealth of the mistress. I scrubbed till my hands were raw. The word raw emphasises the suffering and pain Charlotte is going through.  The fact she scrubs until she is physically in pain is quite harrowing and you feel quite sorry for her. The word raw could reflect the mistresss temperament in the sense she is possibly forcing Charlotte to work until she is in an incorporable state. The rhyming pattern for this first verse is A, B, C, C, B.You can see that there is a great difference between a silken pillow and andattic cot. A cot would have been very hard, narrow and uncomfortable. The fact she sleeps in an attic suggests her mistress wanted her out of the way away from family and guests. It sounds as if the employer held the view that people were destined to be in a certain social class, which is why the lady refers to the poor girls lot, possibly implying that there was nothing she could do about it. Ironically Charlotte is doing something by leaving the country.  Charlottes employer would be considered an arrogant and selfish woman if she behaved like this today but she would have taken all of Charlottes services for granted at the time and no one would have thought badly of her. The rhyming pattern for the second verse is A,B,C,B,D,D The third stanza tells us how Charlotte had to empty the chamber pot. The upper class used a chamber pot instead of going to the toilet at night, so it would have been Charlottes job to empty the contents in the morning. Charlottes employer clearly felt it her duty to educate her.  The rich man earns his castle, you said,  the poor deserve the gate.  This is a reference to a popular hymn All Things Bright and Beautiful. This verse is usually omitted nowadays because of its undemocratic sentiments. .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .postImageUrl , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:hover , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:visited , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:active { border:0!important; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:active , .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2 .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2418ea2e511c5b5e9a39483b6952f0d2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Enduring Love: How satisfying are the three appendices as conclusions? EssayThere is an entire social attitude attached to this comment. The wealthy and privileged believed that they were by birth deserving of the wealth, possessions and position that they inherited, and that in some way they had earned these things. They believed equally of the poor that they deserved their miserable circumstances. These lines also refer to the story of Lazarus in the Bible. Lazarus spent his life begging at a rich mans gate but went to heaven, whilst the rich man went to hell.  In this verse, Charlotte describes what seems to have been the most humiliating of her work experiences, show ing respect to her social superiors. And it is in this verse that she turns the tables on her employer. But Ill never say sir  Or thank you maam'  Charlotte had to call upper class men sir and women maam, and she had to curtsey to show respect and to be mindful of her own lower status, probably when she opened the door to them. Now she will never have to address anyone in this way again. This shows an attitude of determination and a conviction that she has changed her life for good.  This shows that Moniza had experienced an education unlike Charlotte ONeil who would have come from a very poor background. It also shows that the school friend doesnt seem willing to accept things which are different and from other cultures. This emphasises how difficult life would have been for Charlotte. The tiny mirrors sewn onto the material seem to be a way of recreating herself in the country she left. She tries to recall her parents story of her journey to England by boat and uses photographs to help her visualise her birthplace. The conflict in Pakistan brings it alive via newspapers. Sometimes the mirrors reveal her aunts and how they live and finally herself, of no fixed nationality, actually in Pakistan looking at the famous Shalimar Gardens. I pictured my  Birthplace  From fifties photographs.  The gifts encourage the speaker to think of her familys journey to England and to try to picture her birthplace which she doesnt remember. Pakistan is made more real by news of wars there and the speaker tries to imagine returning to a place, which is not quite home.  Much of the English background in the poem is assumed but generally it seems dull and safe compared with the vibrant and violent Pakistan. It is all very well, the poem suggests, for people from different countries to admire what is different there, but what if you have both sets of desires within yourself?  Beyond the story of the presents and the speakers reactions to them lies the dilemma of many people who have no certain identity or nationality. While they may grow up in one country, family and other links mean they never lose the impressions and reality of their country of birth.

Problems of Nokias Performance

Problems of Nokias Performance Implementation of Strategic Choices When going over the case data, it becomes immediately apparent that the primary strength of Nokia is its capacity to exploit economies of scale which enable the company to not only produce enough handsets to meet global demand but also enables the company to sell them at a lower cost (Sengul Gimeno, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Problems of Nokia’s Performance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It can be seen that despite Apple, Samsung and various Android based phones being the pre-dominant smart phone/smart phone in the global marketplace, the fact remains that smart phones as a whole are expensive and, as such, manufacturers of such devices would have a considerable amount of difficulty in penetrating developing countries where the limited income of the local consumers would result in low levels of demand (Clercq Lianxi, 2014). While it is true that Nokia ha s actively pursued First World markets in the past, as evidenced by the ubiquitous nature of the Nokia brand, the fact remains that its traditional markets are overly saturated which prevents the company from gaining a sufficient foothold (Kern, 2014). It is based on this that one potential strategy of the company would be to expand into Third World economies by providing cheap yet effective mobile phones (Barrett, 2004). From a market penetration perspective, this strategy would enable the company to encompass a much larger user base as compared to companies such as Apple that focus solely on the development of technology that appeals to middle to high income consumers (Besanko Wu, 2013). For instance, markets in Central Africa such as Cameroon and Ghana have a considerable amount of potential phone users in what is a generally untapped market for mobile devices (Subramanian, 2013). The reason why the proposed strategy would be effective is related to the limited telecommunication s infrastructure in third world countries and how this factors into the ability of Nokia to create a substantial market share (Ojo, 2009). First and foremost, based on the red ocean blue ocean strategy, Nokia is able to leverage its current product lineup as compared to other phone manufacturers simply because various iterations of mobile phones produced by Nokia are not as dependent on highly prolific 3G and 4G network infrastructures.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is important to note that smart phones, by their very nature, require a relatively robust network to function properly (Zhu, Singh Manuszak, 2009). Without such a network, they are relegated to being nothing more than a very expensive phone whose capabilities are severely limited by the lack of a data networking (Zhang, Song Qu, 2011). Within many developing third world countries, it is far more important to have a functioning and affordable phone rather than one they cannot afford and can barely utilized. It is along this line of reasoning that is more than likely that Nokia would be quite successful in various countries where the network infrastructure can only support mobile devices that are not as demanding when it comes to their data needs (Kawasaki, Lin Matsushima, 2014). Overcoming its Current Issues When examining the SWOT, Value Chain, etc. that were utilized early on in this paper, what is immediately obvious is that despite the current capabilities of Nokia, the current global marketplace is rife with many potential competitors with sufficient capital that can go to China, make a contract with a local company and they would be able to have their own phone model with its own distinctive branding which would run on the free Android operating system (Schmidt, 2013). One example in which companies can develop their own products utilizing outside help can be se en in the case of the company Polaroid who used to be popular for their instant cameras yet, due to a lack of sufficient foresight, have lost a vast majority of their market share (Cennamo Santalo, 2013). However, as of late the company has made a surprising move wherein it has actually entered into the Android based tablet industry and have actually been moderately successful selling tablets that were made in China by a third party supplier yet bore the Polaroid brand. A similar strategy could potentially be utilized by various competitors with the prospective third world economies that Nokia may attempt to penetrate in the future (Dennehy, 2010). The barriers to entry that used to exist such as having to build a factory and developing a supply chain are no longer an issue which has resulted in a proliferation of different types of mobile phone brands (Sung, 2014).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Problems of Nokia’s Performance specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Recommendation It is with this in mind that one way in which Nokia could address its current issues with regard to market penetration would be to create a phone that is both incredibly affordable yet usable in locations where mobile phone service is somewhat lacking. Nokia has the technological capacity to accomplish this which its various rivals that buy their phones from China cannot given the generic nature of the mobile phones that are produced by third party suppliers that do not have specialized technologies (Ahn Breton, 2014). Not only that, more prominent phone companies such as Apple and Samsung are less likely to develop affordable phones that have good serve quality in low signal areas given their current approach towards expanding into industrialized countries where such a situation is not an issue at all (Kaufman, 2013; Rubin, 2014)). This particular approach would definitely conform with the red ocean blue s trategy that was mentioned earlier since it would allow Nokia to dominate a niche market that other competitors simply could not penetrate due to a lack of technological capability or are simply disinterested in penetrating such markets in the first place given the low level of demand for complex smart phone devices in such regions (Pitcher, 2002). This presents itself as a good opportunity for the company since it ensures that potential rivals to its new markets would be limited in size and scope. Conclusion Overall, while it can be seen that Nokia, despite being one of the largest companies in the world, is being overwhelmed through the sheer amount of competitive forces that are in the market. It has to deal with the competitive pressures from Apple and Samsung as well as the proliferation of cheap smart phones through the open source Android operating system. Success for the company will be determined in the next few quarters as it attempts to penetrate new markets with its curr ent phone lineup. Whether or not the company will succeed with such a plan has yet to be determined, however, with its superb development team and supply chain it is likely that the company will definitely put up a tough fight.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Ahn, J, Breton, R 2014, Securitization, competition and monitoring, Journal Of Banking Finance, vol. 40, pp. 195-210 Barrett, L 2004, Nokias rivals getting too close for comfort, Marketing Week, vol. 27, no. 18, pp. 20-21 Besanko, D, Wu, J 2013, The Impact of Market Structure and Learning on the Tradeoff between RD Competition and Cooperation’, Journal Of Industrial Economics, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 166-201 Cennamo, C, Santalo, J 2013, Platform competition: Strategic trade-offs in platform markets, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 34, no. 11, pp. 1331-1350 Clercq, D, Lianxi, Z 2014, Entrepreneurial Strategic Posture and Performance in Foreign Markets: The Critical Role of International Learning Effort, Journal Of International Marketing, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 47-67 Dennehy, K 2010, Google or Nokia: Who Will Win LBS War?, GPS World, vol. 21, no. 5, p. 50 Kaufman, B 2013, The Optimal Level of Market Competition: Neoclassical and New Institutional Conclusions Cr itiqued and Reformulated, Journal Of Economic Issues (M.E. Sharpe Inc.), vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 639-672 Kawasaki, A, Lin, M, Matsushima, N 2014, Multi-Market Competition, RD, and Welfare in Oligopoly, Southern Economic Journal, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 803-815 Kern, BR 2014, Innovation Markets, Future Markets, or Potential Competition: How Should Competition Authorities Account for Innovation Competition in Merger Reviews?, World Competition: Law Economics Review, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 173-206 Ojo, B 2009, Nokia finally wakes up to unrelenting rivalry, Electronic Engineering Times (01921541), vol. 1570, p. 22 Pitcher, G 2002, Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown.., Marketing Week, vol. 25, no. 44, p. 33, Rubin, PH 2014, Emporiophobia (Fear of Markets): Cooperation or Competition?, Southern Economic Journal, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 875-889 Sengul, M, Gimeno, J 2013, Constrained Delegation: Limiting Subsidiaries’ Decision Rights and Resources in Firms That Compete across Multiple In dustries, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 420-471 Schmidt, R 2013, Price competition and innovation in markets with brand loyalty, Journal Of Economics, vol. 109, no. 2, pp. 147-173 Subramanian, A 2013, Product Market Competition, Managerial Compensation, and Firm Size in Market Equilibrium, Management Science, vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 1612-1630 Sung, N 2014, Market concentration and competition in OECD mobile telecommunications markets, Applied Economics, vol. 46, no. 25, pp. 3037-3048 Zhang, C, Song, P, Qu, Z 2011, Competitive Action in the Diffusion of Internet Technology Products in Emerging Markets: Implications for Global Marketing Managers, Journal Of International Marketing, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 40-60 Zhu, T, Singh, V, Manuszak, M 2009, Market Structure and Competition in the Retail Discount Industry, Journal Of Marketing Research (JMR), vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 453-466

Week 5 discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 5 discussion Questions - Essay Example The second weakness are of mine is economics. Economic is a very useful academic discipline that can help managers in various ways. For example managers can use economic analysis to determine the supply and demand of its products. I t can also help managers determine the optimal sales price to achieve the highest profits possible. The reason I’m weak at economic is because it economics the professor who teach these subjects seem to always incorporate graphs in their discussion. Every time I see a economic graph it becomes very hard for me to interpret to the results. Also in economics there seems to be a lot of models and concepts that are extremely difficult to understand. Since these two disciplines are important for me achieve professional goal and will put a lot of extra efforts in the future courses I may take in any of these two subject matters. The two business majors that have greatest utilize and maximum value for a corporation is managerial accounting and business research. Business research can be used in different ways to add value to a corporation. For example business research can be used to perform market research of potential expansion site in foreign territory. Researchers used either primary research or secondary research. Primary research occurs when the research perform original research, while secondary research is learning for a particular subject matter by reading and analyzing the written work in sources such as journal article, magazines, databases, and websites (Allbusines, 2009). Another research technique that can be very useful for managers is generic benchmarking. Generic benchmarking is a technique in which a company investigates business practices in other industries in order to imitate them. Managerial accounting measures and reports financial and nonfinancial information that helps managers

The Deep Context of Melancholy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Deep Context of Melancholy - Essay Example Melancholia is differentiated with other feelings that somehow relates to its state and divulged with its causations and effects. Three remarkable works that relates the state of melancholia, sharing similar frameworks are Sigmund Freud’s â€Å"Mourning and Melancholia†, Julia Kristeva’s â€Å"On the Melancholic Imaginary† and Dorothea Lansky’s â€Å"When it is a Black life†. Sigmund Freud, in his article â€Å"Mourning and Melancholia†, throws some light on the nature of melancholia by comparing it with mourning. His work is a psychological approach into apprehending the deeper context of the two interrelated human phenomenon. Mourning and melancholia are both human emotions that exhibit similar outward symptoms. However, the causation and the long term effects of these human tendencies differ in the deeper level. While the human experience of mourning and melancholia portrays similar outward symptoms, they are different with diverse directions of consequences. He points out that the fruits, features and the underlying causes of the two conditions are more or less the same. Some common features include painful dejection, cessation of interest in the outside world, loss of the ability to love, and inability to perform activities. However, while the lowering of the self-regarding feelings is a feature of melancholia, it is not present in mourning (F reud 243). Furthermore, while the condition of mourning includes the patient’s consciousness of losing someone, the state of melancholia is withdrawn from the object-loss concept (Freud 244). Therefore, in melancholia, it is difficult to understand what is absorbing the patient while the reason is apparent in mourning.

Association Football and B Essay Example for Free

Association Football and B Essay Introduction Soccer is the worlds most popular sport. It is the national sport of most European and Latin-American countries, and of many other nations. Millions of people in more than 140 countries play soccer. The World Cup is held every four years. Soccer is one of the most famous international sports. Soccer is known world wide and is played in the Olympics. In a soccer game there are two teams of 11 players who try to score a point by kicking a ball into the opponents net. Soccer is played on a rectangular field with a net on each short side of the field. All players must hit the ball with their feet or body and only the goalie is allowed to touch the ball with his/her hands. There are many things you can do to condition yourself to play. Soccer the way we play it came from England in the 1800s. Soccer was not that popular until the mid-1900s. Today soccer is very popular and it is one of the nations fastest-growing sports. There are many exercises and drills you can do to improve how you play soccer. There is also many physical conditioning that players can do. Soccer can help you stay fit and healthy. Many people can play soccer and benefit from it. Soccer is very fun and a great recreational sport. History of the Activity Games similar to soccer were played in China as early as 400 BC. In about 200 AD the Romans played a game in which two teams tried to score by advancing a ball across a line on the field. The Romans passed the ball to one another but they never kicked it. London children in about 1100 played a form of soccer in the streets. During the 1800s the people of England played a game similar to soccer. Many rules changed and each person interpreted the rules differently. In 1848 a group of school representatives met at Trinity College in Cambridge and drew up the first of soccer rules. In 1863 English soccer clubs founded the Football Association. By the late 1800s soccer began to spread to the rest of the world. The Canadian Soccer Association was established in 1912 while the United States Soccer Federation was set up in 1913. The first World Cup Championship was in Montevideo, Uruguay. Since then it has been played every four years except during WWII. During the 1970s soccer grew to be a very popular spectator sport as well as participant sport. A soccer game begins with a kickoff in the center of the field. A coin is flipped to decide which team will kickoff. The other team kicks off at the start of the second half when the teams switch sides or nets. After a team scores the other team gets to kickoff to begin again. The kickoff takes place in the middle of the field. When the ball is kicked it must travel the circumference of the ball and touch another player before the kicker can touch the ball again. After the ball is in play it remains in play unless it crosses a goal line or a touch line. All players attempt to stop the ball from coming in their zone while at the same time trying to score a goal. A player may kick the ball into the net with any part of the body except the hands and arms. If the ball goes out of bounds the play is restarted with a corner kick, a goal kick, or a throw-in. The referee decides what type to use. If the ball crosses the goal line and the defensive team touched it last then there is a corner kick by the offense. If the offense touches the ball last and crosses the goal line then it is a goal kick. A throw in happens when the ball crosses the touch line. When it crosses the touch line the team that did not touch it last throws the ball in bounds. The ball is thrown over their head with two hands. Fouls are called when a player does not obey the rules and acts unsportsman-like. When a foul is called the opposite team receives either a penalty kick, a direct free kick or and indirect free kick. Physical Conditioning There are many exercises that people can do to improve in soccer. Exercises that strengthen your legs and improve flexibility are ideal. Physical conditioning is important if you plan on being good at soccer. Here are five exercises that are ideal for soccer: Running: running helps to improve cardiovascular fitness. In soccer there is lots of running for the ball so endurance and a speed is a must. Leg Stretches: using weights can help strengthen the legs. Using weights makes you kick harder and makes the ball travel farther, as a result you become a better player. Leg Machines: exercising all muscles in the leg makes you kick harder and prevents injury when you are diving all over for the ball. The strong muscles help prevent injuries. Stretching: stretching allows you to be more flexible. Sometimes soccer players need to kick the ball in the most awkward positions. Flexibly helps the player to kick the ball in those positions more effectively. Weight Training: all around weight training makes a soccer player even better. A stronger body helps prevent injury and improve all around performance. Practice Drills help the soccer player be more skillful and a better player. There are many drills that can be done. Drills like dribbling to head butting are often used. Some of these drills include: Practicing kicking the ball is a very important and often done drill. To practice the player will kick the ball into the net. Often there is a goalie that they try to score on. Kicking is the most important skill in soccer. Practicing will make your kick stronger and more controllable. Passing is also a very important skill. One drill that can be done is to run side by side with another player and pass the ball back and forth. This skill will improve your passing and receiving skills. Passing is also vital in the game of soccer. Heading is one of the only ways to legally hit the ball when it high in the air. With another player heading can be practiced. One player throws the ball high over top of the other player. The player then will jump up and hit the ball with his forehead and try to control the ball. Heading is very hard and often lots of practice is required. Control of the ball is also very important. By setting up pylons in any order and distance and weaving through them in a pattern like formation can improve your control of the ball. Trying to go quick can also improve your speed of running while dribbling a ball. One on one practice improves both your dribbling and tackling. With two players one is given the ball and must keep the ball away from the other player. While one player is improving his faking and dribbling the other is practicing his defense and tackling. When this drill is done often it can improve your offense as well as defense. Soccer can be done in many age groups. Children often play the sport in school as early as elementary school. Many adults also play the sport. Seniors rarely play soccer because of the easiness it is for them to get injured. Soccer is often very demanding. Soccer for many kids can be very fun. Most children dont think of soccer as work and often enjoy playing soccer. Adults also sometimes find soccer fun and even some adults have careers in the area as a professional soccer player. Soccer is very valuable in obtaining life long fitness. Soccer can be a very demanding sport. Soccer can improve your cardiovascular fitness as well as strength and flexibility. All the physical conditioning and practice drills are very important in keeping fit. Soccer players are able to be healthy and strong because of the physical involvement.

Young Goodman Brown :: essays research papers

In 'Young Goodman Brown,'; Hawthorne makes the reader believe that Goodman Brown has learned that truth about the world and how evil it really is. In the story the accounts of Goodman Brown let you believe that he has truly seen the evil in the world and knows what lurks behind everybody masks. He makes you realize that even though the person may look holy and religious that evilness is all around us and most people will never ever find out the truth. The character Young Goodman Brown written by Nathaniel Hawthorne finds many issues of evil concerning the town's people in which he lives, about himself, and the reality behind the evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story 'Young Goodman Brown'; Goodman Brown learns about evil in the towns people and how what he thought was the truth is really not. When Goodman Brown starts his voyage he knew what he was going in the woods to do, what he didn't realize is that the same reason he went to the woods was the same reason as the towns people. When Goodman encounters Goody Cloyse in the woods he is shocked that he sees her out there 'A marvel, truly, that Goody Cloyse should be so far in the wilderness at night fall.';(Hawthorne 98) When he learns of her travels and of how she is acquainted with the old man he is in disbelieve that a women that taught him religion is evil. When Goody asks the old man for a hand to take her to a communion he offers her cane and throws it down when it hits the ground it turns alive and Goody Close disappears. Leading you to believe that she is just an imagination to get Brown to believe in the evil. Goodman Brown also sees other town's members i n the woods such as highly respected people such as Deacon Gookin, and even his wife Faith. When Brown learns of Faith participating in this gathering in the woods he is distraught he loses his mind and goes crazy. Goodman brown learns valuable lessons in the woods about his town and the people and about the world. His journey changed the way he looked at things when he awoke from that night his feelings towards the people changed he believed that everybody is evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Goodman Brown learns many things about himself when he takes that journey into the woods, among many if his faith.

Child Abuse and Neglect

This paper will discuss child abuse and neglect and the lasting effects left on a child. The main types of abuse and neglect explained are emotional abuse, psychological abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, medical neglect, educational neglect, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. Included are some warning signs of these different types of abuse and neglect and the legal definitions of each. It is important to understand that all of these forms of abuse and neglect are different and contain varying symptoms, signs, and effects.In addition, the paper discusses uggestions on how to mediate some of these forms of abuse and neglect, including better reporting programs and better parental education. With each different form of abuse and neglect children are left with a multitude of problems and obstacles to face in the future. Throughout the paper and use of statistics, it is evident that child abuse and neglect is a much more serious problem than most of the public is aware.Child Abu se and Neglect A Review of the Literature Between 1,460 and 2,555 children die every year due to child abuse and neglect; meaning that on average, between four and seven children die daily. In a classroom of 20 children, 13 will have been abused or neglected (Childhelp, 2013). These statistics should be shocking to anyone. Child abuse and neglect is an extremely understated problem in American society.The federal definition of child abuse and neglect is â€Å"any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation† or â€Å"an act or failure to act that presents an imminent risk of serious harm† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 93). Although this is the set definition, there can be different variations of t depending on specific state laws. Child abuse and neglect occur in many varying forms and do not always appear in the same manner.Some types of abuse and neglect include emotio nal abuse, psychological abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, educational neglect, medical neglect, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. This paper will discuss the signs of these various forms of child abuse and neglect as well as provide insight to the effects on children. Emotional Abuse Emotional and psychological abuse of children is one of the most commonly overlooked forms of abuse (American Humane Association, 2013).This may be due to the fact that there is no physical abuse occurring for people to notice. Also, not as many people know that emotional and psychological child abuse is happening. One of the biggest problems with forms of emotional and psychological abuse it that it is almost impossible to detect while it is occurring. Often times, it is not noticed until much later in a child's life. Emotional abuse is something that most people have experienced in their lifetime, but not to an extreme extent.Some examples of emotional abuse include â€Å"constant belittli ng, shaming, and humiliating a child, name alling, making negative comparisons to others, frequent yelling, threatening, or bullying, ignoring or rejecting a child as a punishment, and limited physical contact (hugs or kisses)† (Smith, 2013). Parents discipline their children in different ways and have varying methods of punishment, but to constantly belittle or threaten one's child is something much different. This type of abuse is a very painful one for children to experience because they often blame themselves and wonder why their parents are treating them this way.Emotional abuse can lead to impairments in hildren's emotional development and their sense of well-being. Psychological Abuse Along with emotional abuse, psychological abuse can be Just as harmful. Psychological abuse is more of a game of power, where parents control their children and make them believe, for example, that they are worthless. This leads to serious psychological problems and can cause many disorder s such as â€Å"anxiety, depression, withdrawal, or aggressive behavior† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 96).To some parents, using the old saying, â€Å"sticks and stones may break my bones but words can never hurt me† is ustification enough for this type of abuse. Most parents do not understand that their children are not able to handle ridicule and harassment as well as adults. To children, having their parents make comments to them can affect their psyche for the rest of their lives. In at least one study, â€Å"about 80% of 21 year olds that were abused as children met criteria for at least one psychological disorder† (Childhelp, 2013).Many parents who do abuse their children emotionally or psychologically believe that it is not abuse because they are making them stronger and preparing them for eople who will be mean and hurtful to them in the future. However, these parents are leaving their children with damaged mental health and social development problems that can l eave lifelong scars on their children. Physical Abuse Physical and sexual abuse of a child can leave these same psychological scars, but are also accompanied by physical scars as well. It is estimated that â€Å"more than 90% of Juvenile sexual abuse victims know their perpetrator in some way' (Childhelp, 2013).Children are vulnerable to this type of abuse because they trust the people ho are supposed to take care of them and look after them, making it extremely easy for their caretakers to take advantage of them. Physical abuse is generally defined as â€Å"any non-accidental physical injury to the child and can include striking, stabbing, kicking, burning, or biting the child, or any action that results in a physical impairment or death of a child such as shaking or throwing† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 100). Regarding physical abuse, many parents defend their abuse and claim that it is a form of discipline for the child.These parents do not understand the difference etween discip line and abuse, which can often indicate that they were disciplined the same way. Some signs of physical abuse in children are: â€Å"frequent injuries or unexplained bruises, welts, or cuts; injuries that have a pattern, such as a belt or hand; shies away from touch; seems afraid to go home; flinches at sudden movements; and a child who is always on alert for something bad to happen† (Smith, 2013). Physical abuse can go unnoticed for long periods of time because children can cover up their scars or hide their injuries, but most of the time, it is bound to be discovered.Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse, however, is not as noticeable as physical abuse. Sexual abuse can be defined as â€Å"the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, or assist any other person to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct or simulation of such conduct for the purpose of producing a visual deception of such conduct† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 101). This type of abuse is not as much about love and intimacy, but more about power and control.Children who are sexually abused are often under the control of their attacker and have trouble finding way out of the abusive situation. Some signs to look for in children who are sexually abused are: â€Å"trouble walking or sitting; displaying knowledge or interest in sexual acts inappropriate to his/her age, or even seductive behavior; making strong efforts to avoid a specific person; not wanting to change clothes in front of others or participate in physical activities; having an STD or being pregnant; or a child running away from home† (Smith, 2013).Most children who are sexual abused are abused by someone they know and love and often times, they do not know that this type of buse is wrong. The abusers in the situation will brainwash the children and make the abuse seem normal, or they will threaten the child into submission and make them keep the abuse a secret. Sexual abuse in child ren can lead to significant psychological and physical problems for them later in life, and these children often suffer from guilt and shame throughout their life as a result of this abuse.Educational Neglect Cases of child neglect differ from cases of abuse, but only in their execution, not their outcome for the child. According to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System â€Å"of the approximately 899,000 children in the United States who were victims of abuse and neglect in 2005, 62. 8 percent (564,765 children) suffered from neglect alone, including medical neglect† (American Humane Association, 2013). A fact that many people do not know it that educational neglect is one of the fastest growing types of child neglect and is punishable by law.This neglect is not referring to parents who cannot get their children to go to school because they run away or lies about going, this neglect is referring to the parents who do not make any effort to nroll their children in s chool or give them the mean to stay in school. This neglect can include â€Å"permitted chronic truancy, failure to enroll or other truancy, and inattention to special education need† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 98).One important aspect of this type ot neglect are the parents who tail to accept that their chil d nas an educational special need and should be placed in alternative classrooms or children who have learning disabilities. Education is important for children in their growth and development, and it is required by law that they must attend school until the age f 16 (public, private, homeschooled, or otherwise). Those parents who do not make education a part of their children lives are hurting them Just as much as if they were physically abusing or neglecting them.Education can predict the outcome of children's lives. Medical Neglect Another common form of neglect is medical neglect which can be characterized as â€Å"failing to provide any special medical treatment or mental health care need by the child† or â€Å"the withholding of medical treatment or nutrition from disabled infants with life-threatening conditions† (Gosselin, 2013, p. 99). This is a very serious form of eglect and is often seen in parents who do not take their children to the hospital or doctors when they are feeling ill or have broken bones.Some parents believe that time will heal wounds, or they think that herbal medicines can cure diseases Just as well as other medicines. There are, however, cases of parents who do not take their children to receive medical attention because they are the ones who inflicted the pain on their children. That case would turn into a form of abuse and neglect and is often seen together. Concerning medical neglect, it is important to understand that hildren need to receive yearly check-ups by doctors to get immunizations and tests done to ensure that the child is healthy.Parents who refuse to, or think they do not have the means to take the ir children to the doctors, hospital or urgent care facility are at risk for possibly killing their own children. It is seen more often in medical neglect cases that parents who did not take their children to these facilities were afraid of going to Jail because they causes the injuries to the child. Emotional Neglect Others forms of neglect include emotional and physical neglect.Emotional neglect can be categorized under circumstances including: â€Å"exposure to chronic or extreme intimate partner violence, permitting drug or alcohol use, or having a delay in psychological care† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 98). Emotional neglect to a child is one of the most painful aspects of neglect. When a parent ignores and terrorizes a child or does not want him or her anymore, they are neglecting the child and leaving him or her with emotional walls. It is not easy for children to understand why their parents are doing this, or what they did to deserve this type of punishment.If parents canno t provide their children with adequate care such as psychological help or counseling and instead are encouraging them to drink alcohol and smoke illegal substances, then these people should not be parents. Regarding emotional neglect, it is important to understand that not emotionally supporting children can make them unable to form proper relationships later in life. Physical Neglect In addition to emotional neglect, children face a great deal of physical neglect from their parents.Physical neglect accounts for the majority of cases of maltreatment Healy, 2013). Maltreatment occurs when children injure themselves or are faced with severe malnutrition as a result of a parent or caretaker. Physical neglect involves: â€Å"the failure to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, hygiene, protection, or supervision† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 99). It can also include â€Å"child abandonment, inadequate supervision, rejection of a child leading to expulsion from the home and tailure to adequately provide tor the child's satety and physical and emotional needs† (Healy, 2013).Physical neglect is different from physical abuse because nstead of people inflicting pain on children, they are causing pain by ignoring them or not giving them everything they need to survive. These forms of neglect can harm children Just as much as the forms of abuse can, and all of them leave lasting scars. With physical neglect, parents often do not provide their children with their basic needs. Children not only need love and support, they also need food, clothing, and shelter. The main aspect lacking in child care regarding all of these forms of abuse and neglect are reporting programs and parental education.If there were more nhanced programs for people to report these forms of abuse and neglect, the statistics would most likely decrease significantly. Children do not know how to report abuse or neglect can often Just keep quiet, and the people they do report to do not always kno w the correct measures to take. It is important to educate not only our children, teachers, and the general public, but also parents. If parents were more educated in how to care for a child, or what is acceptable and not acceptable to do, these forms of abuse and neglect would also decrease.Parents who exhibit abuse or eglect on their children often claim that they did not know what they were doing was wrong and they did not think there was a problem with their forms of discipline. Everyone needs to be more educated on this topic and it is important to catch this abuse and neglect at the earliest stage possible to decrease the lasting effects on the child. Child Abuse and Neglect Child abuse is any act that endangers a child’s physical or emotional health and development. Child abuse and neglect can take place anywhere. The child often knows the abuser well a parent, relative, babysitter, or friend of the family. Child abuse and neglect crosses all ethnic, racial, social, and economic lines This book talks and expresses the examinations of child neglect in families and its relevance to research, policy and practice in the field of services to children and their families. The authors chose to explore this subject because child neglect is an over looked area of child welfare practice. Families neglect their children almost twice as frequently as they abuse their children. The four major types of maltreatment are physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse and emotional abuse. Some states also specify substance abuse or abandonment by the caretaker as an element of abuse or neglect. Although any of the forms of child maltreatment may be found separately, they often occur in combination. The most recent statements and research indicate that 860,000 children were victims of abuse and neglect in the year 2006. The consequences of neglect to children are at least as serious as the consequences of abuse. Referring back to the article statement â€Å"In 2003 1,200 children died of abuse and neglect†. These fatalities were most often the result of neglect only. According to the article 685 of child fatalities due to maltreatment involved child neglect, as compared to 50% that involved. The focus of those working in the field like Child Protective Services, affiliated agencies that can take full custody and etc. In addition because of lack of information and investigations children are maltreatment have been on abuse, due to neglected children and their families and even fatal. It is the intention of the authors to present a comprehensive view of the current state regarding child neglect issues and to offer a rationale for directing focus to this overlooked and disregarded aspect of family relationships. It is time to refocus on these families, both to assist in healing these families and given the relationship between neglect and poverty. Author Cynthia Crosson-Tower, Ph. D My Thoughts I think child abuse is worst thing a child can experience because it scars them for life. Children should be protected and loved. Sadly, this is not lways the case, millions of children are abused every year thousands will die from the abuse. The various types of abuse and neglect are never ceasing, only growing. Just like in the article families are neglecting their children twice as much as the abuse. This very shocking and shameless. Many end up being abusers themselves, or try to kill the pain with drugs and alcohol. How many kids need to commit suicide before this count ry finally stands up and says enough. The number of children sexually abused physically abused neglected or murdered is astounding. I read couple of more articles about child abuse and online sexual predators. Whether it is physical or mental, abuse is wrong. Parents who abuse children should stop and take the time to get help because the child will suffer in the end. Many children in this world die or become emotionally unstable because of abuse in the home. Only half of the victims report the abuse to authorities or family members. After all, who will stand up for those who cannot stand up for themselves? We should all report any case of child abuse that we witness this way we can be saving lives. It is our responsibility to put an end to child abuse because child abuse is simply wrong, unethical, and should not be done.

Inflation Effecting Stock Market Prices Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1866 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? This paper explains why the nominal level of share prices has failed to rise during a decade of substantial inflation. Many researches were conducted to demonstrate and explain the relationship between inflation and stocks returns and price earnings ratios. However this study is to look at how inflation impacts the overall stock market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Inflation Effecting Stock Market Prices Finance Essay" essay for you Create order This study is concerned with the structural relationship between stock market and the inflation. This paper explains why the nominal level of share prices has failed to rise during a decade of substantial inflation. The key to the explanation is the features of the current U.S. tax laws, especially historic cost depreciation and the taxation of nominal capital gains that cause the effective rate of tax or corporate source income to rise when there is a higher rate of inflation. The current analysis shows that to understand the structural relation between inflation and share prices it is crucial to note that a high 9on~tant rate of inflation leaves the price-earnings ratio unchanged while an increase in the rate of inflation depresses the price-earnings ratio. The higher nominal interest rates that accompany inflation actually represent lower real net-of-tax yields on alternative assets for most investors. The current analysis takes this into account in determining the share price. The main focus of the paper uses a stock valuation model to derive the share demands of investors in different tax situations and then calculates the share value that achieves market equilibrium. Numerical calculations illustrate the analysis with a representative individual and a representative tax-exempt institutional investor. In this paper the analysis was conducted in the following area and then overall conclusion was drawn. 1) The effect of inflation on the demand prices of the shares. 2) A Market Equilibrium Model of Share Valuation. 3) Inflation and the Market Equilibrium Share Value. After analysis the conclusion was that the higher rate of inflation causes a significant reduction in the ratio of share prices to real earnings per share. From equilibrium analysis it was also observed that the ratio of share prices to real earnings is capable to fall if the demand price of each share for some individuals is in reality increased by the effect of inflation. The Adjustment of Stock Prices to Information about Inflation The paper analyzes how stock prices behave in response to the news about Inflation. Relationship between inflation and common stock return is studied widely by researchers. For instance Nelson, Bodie, Jaffe and Mandelker and Fama and Schwert they all represent an evidence that there is negative relationship between the stock prices and both the unexpected and expected inflation rate since 1953 they all used monthly returns of broad group of the New York Stock Exchange common stock. The basic idea of this paper is actually extension of the previous studies. The researcher extended the previous idea and modified it by using the daily returns of the common stocks and taking in consideration both the announcement of CPI inflation rate increase and decrease. If the unexpected inflation is bad news for the stock market, and if the announcement of CPI contains new information about inflation, if the unexpected inflation news is regarding increase of inflation rate than this news will be associated with the decrease of stock price, if the unexpected inflation news is about the deflation than the news will be associated with the increase of the stock prices. If the monthly data is used than there is a lag of more than a month between the data is collected and the actual CPI is announced to the general public. The researcher used the daily common stock returns in order to test whether the stock market reacts at the time the when the actual CPI is announced or at the time when the price data is being collected, if there is any kind of reaction. Methodologies which were used by researchers varied from researcher or researcher, different models were used by different researchers to predict the unexpected inflation these models include: Nelson and Bodie used extrapolative time series model to predict inflation. Jaffe and Mandelker and Fama and Schwert followed Fama using short-term interest rate as a predictor of inflation. The researcher used Famas model to measure the unexpected inflation for the purpose of this study. For the assurance that the results are not distorted due to the choice of the model which is used all the tests are replicated again and using time series model to estimate the unexpected inflation. For the purpose of this research the data which is used is the daily returns of Standards and Poors composite portfolio from the year 1953 to year 1978. Variables of the model which was used are given below: The daily continuously compounded rate of return on Standard and Poors composite portfolio Dummy variable for the day of the week. Monthly Treasury bill rate measured at the end of the month. Measure of expected inflation rate using Famas model The announcement date of unexpected inflation rate. The findings of the paper remained that the stock market do reacts to the unexpected inflation when the CPI is actually announced; one of the strange findings was that the stock market do not react to the unexpected inflation when actually CPI is sampled, in reality several weeks before the announcement of that results to the general public. The finding remained that the stock market reacts to the information but not to the actual increase in inflation when actually this is happening. The Effects of Inflation News on High Frequency Stock Returns July 1999 The paper examines how stocks respond to unanticipated news regarding macroeconomic conditions i.e. Inflation. There are four basic questions to be answered by findings of the research the four questions are: Does news about inflation impacts stock return. Reasons behind weak link between stocks and CPI news. Reasons for insignificant link between small stock and PPI Inflation news. What is the intensity of response to the inflation news? The theoretical and empirical models which are used to answer these questions are based upon the idea that stock prices are influenced by economic announcements like if the new information affects the either the expected dividends or the expected discount rates, or the both. The new information is the difference between announced value of the inflation at t+1 time and the anticipated value of inflation at time t. in early times many researches were done on this area but in this paper the data which is used to analyze is based on monthly expected and actual inflation. In prior studies the daily data was used. The sample data for Producer Price Index (PPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) are used from January 1983 to December 1995. The stock equally- weighted common stock portfolio returns are used which were created from Institute for the Study of Securities Markets (ISSM) Transactions Databases (years 1983 to 1992) and from the New York Stock Exchanges (NYSE) Trade and Quote (TAQ) database (years 1993 to 1995). Five different regressions were ran initially for knowing the coefficients of the variables after that the results were checked against the Null Hypothesis. PPI had negative correlation with the stock returns and the results for CPI are surprising that the relationship between CPI and the Stock Returns is statistically insignificant. The research mentioned that those who investigate the stock returns on daily return basis will miss the link between stocks and inflation. To test the impact of inflation on different sizes of the stock the researcher used the following methodology. The results were different for the different sizes of the stock the large stocks had more and clear response to the news regarding inflation as the size of the stock is reduced the link started becoming meaningless when the stock size is reduced to very low the relationship became insignificant and at extreme the signs which came were completely useless. The conclusion answered the questions of the researcher that there is strong relationship between the unanticipated inflation (news) and the intra-day stock returns. Yes there is strong relationship between Producer Price Index (PPI) news and the stock returns however there is weak relationship between Consumer Price Index (CPI) news and the stock returns. The relationship was of inverse and the relationship was significant for large stocks and insignificant for small stocks. Answer to the second question is that as PPI is forecasted and availability of PPI news, CPI news is less frequent and most of times it is not available there the link between CPI and stock returns is weak. The response of the stock to the news takes 15 minutes to respond to the news regarding inflation The Relationship between Stock Returns and Inflation In Four European Markets Summary This paper examined the effects of both expected and unexpected inflation on real stock returns for four different European countries i.e. France, Germany, Italy, and the U.K. The literature has the evidence that there exists a negative relationship between these two variables i.e. Inflation and real stock returns, as it is evidence from the studies of Nelson, Fama and Schwert. On the other side of the picture few researchers argued strong positive relationship between inflation and the nominal returns on the stock i.e. Boudoukh and Richardson. While at the same time the other researcher claimed: either no relationship Rapach (2002) or others evidenced a little relationship Shiller (1992). This is the summary of the literature which was mentioned in the paper. This paper examines the relationship between real stock returns and expected and expected inflation in four different European countries, however it is assumed that all the European markets are homogenous in nature. This paper is unique in the sense that it examines the relationship between both the expected and unexpected inflation. The technique which is used in this paper is also different from those which were used in the previous papers. Four different equations were used for different variables i.e. inflation, interest rate and economic growth, all these equations are estimated using the Box-Jenkins Methodology. First these parameters are estimated and then another equation is used to gauge the impact of these variables on real stock returns. The methodology which is used is to simultaneously estimation with full information maximum likelihood. Data which was used for this analysis is obtained from International Financial Statistics and OECD CD-ROM. Quarterly data was analyzed from the first quarter of 1975 to first quarter of 2001. Now the results portion of the paper: unexpected inflation and unexpected interest rates were statistically significant for three countries and had significant impact on real stock returns. France, Italy and U.K. are affected by both unexpected inflation and unexpected interest rates. The remaining variables had no significant impact on the real stock returns for these three countries. However in Germany none of the variables turned out to be significant. The summary of the findings is that the real stock return does not respond to expected inflation but they do respond to unexpected inflation. Inflation shocks have no impact on real stocks returns but stocks do respond to these shocks in the manner which were mentioned in the literature. Finally stock returns do not tend to respond to economic growth or even shocks to economic growth.